Instead of trying to explain everything I thought I could just show you. So, I made a little one minute clip of me moving this little guy around. His names Skippy by the way. Now, I didn't model him but I did give him all of his bones and controllers to make it able to move him around. Putting these bones in and making sure that everything works the way it should is called rigging. There's a lot more to it than it seems though. Its not just throwing in these things and having it work, no. You have to tell which bones can control which points of the skin (Ill post a cool picture of the this process, called "painting weights") , what bone controls what bone, and then you get into things like IK (Inverse Kinematics), and so on.. Its not really all that hard, just a little time consuming is all.
Below is a picture of a process called "painting weights". In the first image the bone connecting the shoulder to the elbow is selected. The color represents what skin that bone will effect. The "hotter" the color the more it will effect when moved and the "cooler" the color the less it will effect when moved. The second image has the bone that connects the elbow to the hand. You can see that it effects some of the area that the other bone effects. They overlap a little. This results in a smooth bend. And of course all the black is the unaffected area.
And finally the link to the short clip I made.



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